From Maxwell demon to Brownian motor

From Maxwell demon to Brownian motor

Several versions of a hard disc microscopic ratchet are introduced and studied with molecular dynamics. While, at equilibrium, no rectification of the fluctuations takes place, a systematic motion appears when a temperature difference is applied to different units of the motor. In the limit of dilute gases, an exact analytic calculation of its properties is found to be in excellent agreement wi...

Maxwell ’ s demon

A Solid-State Maxwell Demon

A laboratory-testable, solid-state Maxwell demon is proposed that utilizes the electric field energy of an open-gap p-n junction. Numerical results from a commercial semiconductor device simulator (Silvaco International – Atlas) verify primary results from a 1-D analytic model. Present day fabrication techniques appear adequate for laboratory tests of principle.

From Brownian motor to Brownian refrigerator

Cooling techniques have a significant impact not only on our everyday life but also on the advances in science. We have come a long way from the primitive method of evaporative cooling, which our body conveniently uses when we perspire, over the evaporation by expansion of a cooling liquid in domestic refrigerators, to high-tech methods including laser cooling, magnetic cooling, radiative cooli...

The Maxwell demon in the osmotic membrane

The dielectric with index of refraction n is inserted in the Planck blackbody. The spectral formula for photons in such dielectric medium and the equation for the temperature of photons is derived. The new equation is solved for the constant index of refraction. The photon flow initiates the osmotic pressure of he Debye phonons. The dielectric crystal surface works as the osmotic membrane with ...